I would really like to find a way to modify the turret types so they don't have the atmosphere/space limitations, especially for a CV. I just don't get why a CV can't have decent weapons to defend itself on a planet, especially when you're using it as a mobile base. Is it possible to modify the turrets on a dedicated server so that a laser turret will work on a planet? Either that, or modify the base version of a laser turret so that you can put it on a CV?
No, this is currently hardcoded. Maybe we will see something like "modular weapon building" some time in the future...
I do remember reading that hint some time ago and I'm glad it is still planned, it sounds like a great idea.